At the beginning of the Intifada, there was trouble with the curfews, for example, they’d just set a curfew and that was it. Forget when you’re supposed to open, when whatever. The Civil Administration established regulations for these kinds of things, established that every two days it has to be open for four hours, and they made sure it was open for four hours, but they didn’t inform the population, and they didn’t announce it on the radio or . . . they just closed a ton of roads. They’d make sure that no village was completely blocked, that an ambulance could get in, and that every village has an exit, and all kinds of things like that.
And how would you know whether a village is blocked?
Earlier I told you that we make connections with individual Palestinians. You just have a man who isn’t . . . he’s the contact person, you call him, ask him what’s going on in the village, what about this, that, what’s happening. He tells you. And if he tells you that something’s not okay, he’s always got your phone number, right? He calls you. And if he tells you something’s not okay, then it’s your duty to deal with it.
How did the curfews work in the beginning?
In the beginning, this was also in Hebron, there are charts . . . you can request them from the Ministry of Defense, they’ll even give them to you, we did it at the time and it’s in the bureau of the minister of defense, it was moved to there. But at the beginning, there was an extended period without opening any . . . I think about once a week. I was still in Bet El, but at first there were these very extended curfews, and after that they really did open things: every forty-eight hours for four hours, and on Fridays, because of prayers. Also on Saturdays things were generally open, because there’s not a big IDF presence in the area. Slowly, things worked out.
Who decided on the curfew?
The brigade commander.
So there’s no kind of system or that you’re required to consult with the administration?
No. First of all, he always consults with the administration. But the reason for establishing a curfew is security, so there’s nothing the administration can do. That’s why the brigade commander makes the decision and he has to inform the division commander, but he doesn’t . . . and he has organized guidelines. There are rules.
And where is the administration on this issue? If, say, an administration officer says . . .
If, for example, after forty hours . . . first of all this law has . . . it’s a regulation put out by the legal adviser in the West Bank, by the army’s legal adviser in the West Bank. This is the regulation he set, but it has exceptions. Meaning, if something happened, you could bring it up to the General Commanding Officer, and he could approve a curfew of longer than forty-eight hours. But those incidents were unusual—there had to be a really big terror attack. And the administration is meant to remind the brigade commander every forty-eight hours, or to say, “You have to open for four hours, between hours X and Y.” And that’s it. These are the kinds of things the administration announces ahead of time, so that the population knows about them and is prepared to go out.
How do you update them?
You call the radio, you tell the broadcasters. Even the Fatah radio broadcasters. Back then, there were no Hamas stations. I think today there are.
And they announce it?
Yes.